Safety Limits for Nutrients

Establishing safety limits for transcranial direct current stimulation.

The recent resurgence in the use of transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) for electrotherapy and human cognition studies was motivated by studies demonstrating lasting change in cortico-spinal excitability following tDCS (Priori et al., 1998; Nitsche and Paulus, 2000, 2001) including at the University of Gottingen. Subsequent tDCS studies have largely adapted the Gottingen protocols in...

Assessing Safety Benefits of Variable Speed Limits

Safety Control Synthesis with Input Limits: a Hybrid Approach

We introduce a hybrid (discrete–continuous) safety controller which enforces strict state and input constraints on a system—but only acts when necessary, preserving transparent operation of the original system within some safe region of the state space. We define this space using a MinQuadratic Barrier function, which we construct along the equilibrium manifold using the Lyapunov functions whic...

Exploring the limits of safety analysis in complex technological systems

From biotechnology to cyber-risks, most extreme technological risks cannot be reliably estimated from historical statistics. Engineers resort to probability safety analysis (PSA), which consists in developing models to simulate accidents, potential scenarios, their severity and frequency. However, even the best safety analysis struggles to account for evolving risks resulting from inter-connect...

New actions for old nutrients.

The purpose of this review is to present information regarding new effects for certain nutrients other than those traditionally known. Zinc has been found to prevent and reduce the duration of common colds. In developing countries, zinc has been shown to reduce the duration and severity of diarrhea and even decrease relapses. Iron supplementation in iron deficient children, has been shown to im...